Comorbid Intellectual Disability

Communication disorders: prevalence and comorbid intellectual disability, autism, and emotional/behavioral disorders.

PURPOSE To determine a population-based estimate of communication disorders (CDs) in children; the co-occurrence of intellectual disability (ID), autism, and emotional/behavioral disorders; and the impact of these conditions on the prevalence of CDs. METHOD Surveillance targeted 8-year-olds born in 1994 residing in 2002 in the 3 most populous counties in Utah (n = 26,315). A multiple-source r...

Intellectual disability (mental retardation).

Aneuploidy and Intellectual Disability

Aneuploidy is the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes in cells. The gain or loss of a chromosome in germ cells is the most common cause of chromosomal aneuploidy. Trisomy 21, trisomy 18, and trisomy 13 are characterized by congenital anomalies with intellectual disability (ID) or short lives. Recently, mosaic variegated aneuploidy (the presence of a different number of chromosomes in ...

Chapter 5: Intellectual disability

Pragmatic language skills are often impacted in individuals with intellectual disability, a developmental condition defined by deficits in intellectual and adaptive skills. In this chapter, we review the literature on pragmatic language in three genetically-based causes of intellectual disability – Down syndrome, fragile X syndrome, and Williams syndrome. We focus on groupcomparison studies of ...

Inv21p12q22del21q22 and intellectual disability.

Chromosomal rearrangements are common in humans. Pericentric inversions are among the most frequent aberrations (1-2%). Most inversions are balanced and do not cause problems in carriers unless one of the breakpoints disrupts important functional genes, has near submicroscopic copy number variants or hosts "cryptic" complex chromosomal rearrangements. Pericentric inversions can lead to imbalanc...